Frequency of Acute Allergic Reactions of Non-ionic iodinated Contrast Material in Children under 14 Years
Keywords:
Computed tomography, non-ionic contrast media, adverse reactions, vomiting, flushing, swelling, nausea, itching, skin rashAbstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of our study was to find out the frequency of Acute Allergic Reactions to IV Nonionic Iodinated Contrast Material in children less than 14 years age patients at the Burns and plastic surgery center Hayatabad Peshawar. And to find out that the use of low-osmolality nonionic iodinated contrast material for imaging of pediatric patients is quite safe and to identify factors that may be helpful in predicting which pediatric patients are at increased risk of acute allergic-like reactions
METHODOLOGY
It was observationalstudy conducted at the Burns and plastic surgery center Hayatabad Peshawar over six months. Patients’ history was taken from the report and data was collected after completion of CT procedure. Acute allergic reactions were observed immediately after administration of contrast media. A Performa was used for the purpose of collecting information about allergic reactions of non-ionic contrast media from the patients. Non-ionic contrast used in the study was iopromide (Ultravist).
RESULTS
Total 310 patients were included in the study. Maximum scans were of brain region i.e. 47.1% and 0.3% scans were minimum in head and neck region. Acute allergic reactions to IV administration of low-osmolality non-ionic iodinated contrast material were documented in 13 pediatric patients including 6 males and 7 females. None of the patients experienced more than one acute allergic reaction over this study period. Mild acute allergic reactions included 5 instances of skin rash, 3 of itching, and 2 of nausea and 1 of vomiting, flushing and swelling.
CONCLUSION
The use of low-osmolality nonionic iodinated contrast material for imaging of pediatric patients is quite safe and considered to have fewer side effects. . Acute allergic reactions are less frequent and typically are mild in intensity.
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